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Research goal. Comparative characteristics of the dynamics of CT semiotics and biochemical parameters of two groups of patients: with positive RT-PCR and with triple negative RT-PCR. Reflection of the results by comparing them with the data already available in the literature. The aim of the study is to compare the dynamics of CT semiotics and biochemical parameters of blood tests in two groups of patients: with positive RT-PCR and with triple negative RT-PCR. We also reflect the results by comparing them with the data already available in the literature. Materials and methods. We have performed a retrospective analysis of CT images of 66 patients: group I (n1 = 33) consists of patients who had three- time negative RT-PCR (nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2 RNA) during hospitalization, and group II (n2 = 33) includes patients with triple positive RT-PCR. An important selection criterion is the presence of three CT examinations (primary, 1st CT and two dynamic examinations - 2nd CT and 3rd CT) and at least two results of biochemistry (C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, prothrombin time, procalcitonin) performed in a single time interval of +/- 5 days from 1st CT, upon admission, and +/- 5 days from 3st CT. A total of 198 CT examinations of the lungs were analyzed (3 examinations per patient). Results. The average age of patients in the first group was 58 +/- 14.4 years, in the second - 64.9 +/- 15.7 years. The number of days from the moment of illness to the primary CT scan 6.21 +/- 3.74 in group I, 7.0 (5.0-8.0) in group II, until the 2nd CT scan - 12.5 +/- 4, 87 and 12.0 (10.0-15.0), before the 3rd CT scan - 22.0 (19.0-26.0) and 22.0 (16.0-26.0), respectively. In both groups, all 66 patients (100%), the primary study identified the double-sided ground-glass opacity symptom and 36 of 66 (55%) patients showed consolidation of the lung tissue. Later on, a first follow-up CT defined GGO not in all the cases: it was presented in 22 of 33 (67%) patients with negative RT-PCR (group I) and in 28 of 33 (85%) patients with the positive one (group II). The percentage of studies showing consolidation increased significantly: up to 30 of 33 (91%) patients in group I, and up to 32 of 33 (97%) patients in group II. For the first time, radiological symptoms of "involutional changes" appeared: in 17 (52%) patients of the first group and in 5 (15%) patients of the second one. On second follow-up CT, GGO and consolidations were detected less often than on previous CT: in 1 and 27 patients of group I (3% and 82%, respectively) and in 6 and 30 patients of group II (18% and 91%, respectively), although the consolidation symptom still prevailed significantly . The peak of "involutional changes" occurred on last CT: 31 (94%) and 25 (76%) patients of groups I and II, respectively.So, in the groups studied, the dynamics of changes in lung CT were almost equal. After analyzing the biochemistry parameters, we found out that CRP significantly decreased in 93% of patients (p < 0.001) in group I;in group II, there was a statistically significant decrease in the values of C-reactive protein in 81% of patients (p = 0.005). With an increase in CT severity of coronavirus infection by one degree, an increase in CRP by 41.8 mg/ml should be expected. In group I, a statistically significant (p = 0.001) decrease in fibrinogen was recorded in 77% of patients;and a similar dynamic of this indicator was observed in group II: fibrinogen values decreased in 66% of patients (p = 0.002). Such parameters as procalcitonin and prothrombin time did not significantly change during inpatient treatment of the patients of the studied groups (p = 0.879 and p = 0.135), which may indicate that it is inappropriate to use these parameters in assessing dynamics of patients with a similar course of the disease. When comparing the outcomes of the studied groups, there was a statistically significant higher mortality in group II - 30.3%, in group I - 21.2% (p = 0.043). Conclusion. According to our data, a course of the disease does not significantly differ in the groups o patients with positive RT-PCR and three-time negative RT-PCR. A negative RT-PCR analysis may be associated with an individual peculiarity of a patient such as a low viral load of SARS-CoV-2 in the upper respiratory tract. Therefore, with repeated negative results on the RNA of the virus in the oro- and nasopharynx, one should take into account the clinic, the X-ray picture and biochemical indicators in dynamics and not be afraid to make a diagnosis of COVID-19.Copyright © 2021 ALIES. All rights reserved.
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Objectives: It is important to predict the prognosis during hospital admission of Covid-19 patients. The purpose of this study was to see how CRP/ Albumin (CAR) and Platelet/Lymphocyte (PLR) ratios, obtained from patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) within the first 24 hours of their hospitalization with a Covid-19 diagnosis, predictmortality and how they correlated with acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE II) and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA). Method(s): Using hospital records, records of 83 patients hospitalized in the ICU with a diagnosis of Covid-19 between 11.03.2020 and 01.01.2021 were retrospectively analyzed . Patients were divided into two groups discharged (Group I) and exits (ex) group (Group II). CAR and PLR were recorded during the first 24 hours of ICU admission, and APACHE II and SOFA scores were computed. The calculated CAR and PLR were correlated with APACHE II and SOFA scores and their association with mortality was investigated. Result(s): SOFA, APACHE II, PLO, and age were higher, and albumin was lower in patients in the mortal course (p<0.05). ROC analysis revealed that APACHE II and SOFA scores could be employed to estimate mortality. Conclusion(s): We believe that APACHE II and SOFA scores can be used to predict mortality in patients admitted to the ICU due to Covid-19, whereas CRP/Albumin and Platelet/Lymphocyte ratios cannot. Copyright © 2023 by The Cardiovascular Thoracic Anaesthesia and Intensive Care.
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Point-of-care testing (POCT) in pediatric primary care is essential for clinicians to make a timely and accurate diagnosis. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of timely and accurate testing strategies to correctly identify the etiology of upper and lower respiratory infections. Additionally, pediatric POCT continues to be important in rural and underserved communities where access to hospital laboratories may be less available. This chapter will focus on seven rapid tests: Group A streptococcus (GAS), influenza A & B, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), C-reactive protein (CRP), human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022.
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Patients with severe and critical COVID-19 may exhibit sepsis and mortality resulting from multi-organ failure. Neutrophil-lymphocyte-ratio (NLR) values, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA), and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE-II) scores were used to assess the risk of mortality in sepsis patients resulting from severe COVID-19 infection. The adequacy of NLR, CRP, SOFA, and APACHE-II scores were evaluated as predictors of mortality in septic COVID-19 patients at Dr. Kariadi Hospital Semarang, Indonesia, between August 2021 and July 2022. The subjects included severe and critical COVID-19 patients who fulfilled the WHO interim guidelines and Sepsis-3 criteria. A total of 211 patients were included, which were divided into survivor (n = 116) and non-survivor (n = 95) groups. NLR values, CRP levels, SOFA, and APACHE-II scores were measured within 24 hours of patient admission. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify the risk factors for COVID-19 mortality. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to predict the mortality of severe COVID-19 patients. The results indicated that the APACHE-II score was an independent predictor of mortality in sepsis patients resulting from severe and critical COVID-19. © 2023 by SPC (Sami Publishing Company).
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Introduction: Various diagnostic tools are used to assess the severity of COVID-19 symptoms and the risk of mortality, including laboratory tests and scoring indices such as the Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS). The diagnostic value of inflammatory markers for assessing patients with different severity of COVID-19 symptoms according to the MEWS was evaluated in this study. Materials and Methods: The concentrations of CRP (C-reactive protein) (immunoassay) and IL6 (interleukin 6) (electrochemiluminescence assay) were determined, and CRP/IL6, CRP/L, and LCR ratios were calculated in blood serum samples collected from 374 COVID-19 patients. Results: We demonstrated that CRP, IL6, CRP/IL6, CRP/L, LCR inflammatory markers increase significantly with disease progression assessed based on the MEWS in COVID-19 patients and may be used to differentiating patients with severe and non-severe COVID-19 and to assess the mortality. Conclusion: The diagnostic value of inflammatory markers for assessing the risk of mortality and differentiating between patients with mild and severe COVID-19 was confirmed.
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OBJECTIVE: We aimed to identify a rapid, accurate, and accessible biomarker in the early stages of COVID-19 that can determine the prognosis of the disease in cancer patients. METHODS: A total number of 241 patients with solid cancers who had a COVID-19 diagnosis between March 2020 and February 2022 were included in the study. Factors and ten different markers of inflammation were analyzed by year of diagnosis of COVID-19 and grouped by severity of infection. RESULTS: Hospitalization, referral to the intensive care unit (ICU), mechanical ventilation, and death were more frequent in 2020 than in 2021 and 2022 (mortality rates, respectively, were 18.8%, 3.8%, and 2.5%). Bilateral lung involvement and chronic lung disease were independent risk factors for severe disease in 2020. In 2021-2022, only bilateral lung involvement was found as an independent risk factor for severe disease. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte platelet ratio (NLPR) with the highest area under the curve (AUC) value in 2020 had a sensitivity of 71.4% and specificity of 73.3% in detecting severe disease (cut-off > 0.0241, Area Under the Curve (AUC) = 0.842, p <.001). In 2021-2022, the sensitivity of the C-reactive protein-to-lymphocyte ratio (CRP/L) with the highest AUC value was 70.0%, and the specificity was 73.3% (cut-off > 36.7, AUC = 0.829, p = .001). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to investigate the distribution and characteristics of cancer patients, with a focus on the years of their COVID-19 diagnosis. Based on the data from our study, bilateral lung involvement is an independent factor for severe disease, and the CRP/L inflammation index appears to be the most reliable prognostic marker.
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COVID-19 , Neoplasms , Humans , COVID-19/diagnosis , Turkey/epidemiology , COVID-19 Testing , ROC Curve , Inflammation , Prognosis , C-Reactive Protein/analysis , Neoplasms/complications , Neoplasms/diagnosis , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to analyze the serum concentration of interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), ferritin, and procalcitonin in COVID-19 patients with different forms of the disease. We performed a prospective cohort study on 137 COVID-19 consecutive patients, divided into four groups according to the severity of the disease as follows: 30 patients in the mild form group, 49 in the moderate form group, 28 in the severe form group, and 30 in the critical form group. The tested parameters were correlated with COVID-19 severity. Significant differences were registered between the form of COVID-19 depending on the vaccination status, between LDH concentrations depending on the virus variant, and in IL-6, CRP, and ferritin concentrations and vaccination status depending on the gender. ROC analysis revealed that D-dimer best predicted COVID-19 severe forms and LDH predicted the virus variant. Our findings confirmed the interdependence relationships observed between inflammation markers in relation to the clinical severity of COVID-19, with all the tested biomarkers increasing in severe and critical COVID-19. IL-6, CRP, ferritin, LDH, and D-dimer were increased in all COVID-19 forms. These inflammatory markers were lower in Omicron-infected patients. The unvaccinated patients developed more severe forms compared to the vaccinated ones, and a higher proportion of them needed hospitalization. D-dimer could predict a severe form of COVID-19, while LDH could predict the virus variant.
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COVID-19 , Humans , Interleukin-6/metabolism , SARS-CoV-2/metabolism , Prospective Studies , C-Reactive Protein/metabolism , Biomarkers , Ferritins , Vaccination , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Background: COVID-19 is caused by SARS-CoV-2 and has a wide range of symptoms. While Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a common comorbidity in COVID-19 patients, it is the main comorbidity in non-surviving COVID-19 patients. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a cytokine that has been correlated with severity and mortality in COVID-19 patients, but its role in COVID-19 patients with DM comorbidity and its relationship with NLR and CRP as markers of inflammation are not yet fully understood. Objective: To investigate the correlation between IL-8, NLR, and CRP in COVID-19 patients with DM comorbidity. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Integrated Infectious Disease Installation of Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang Hospital from June to November 2021 using consecutive sampling. IL-8 was measured using the ELISA method with Legendmax® Human IL-8. NLR was measured using flow cytometry, while CRP was measured using the immunoturbidimetric method with Cobas C6000®. Patient outcomes were obtained from medical records. Results: A total of 124 research subjects participated in the study. IL-8 and CRP levels were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in COVID-19 patients with DM comorbidity, and were also significantly higher (p < 0.05) in non-surviving COVID-19 patients. Overall, there was a positive correlation between IL-8 and CRP (r = 0.58, p < 0.05). There was also a positive correlation between IL-8 (r = 0.58; p < 0.05), NLR (r = 0.45, p < 0.05), CRP (r = 0.54, p < 0.05) and mortality in COVID-19 patients with DM comorbidity. The presence of DM comorbidity increased IL-8 levels and aggravated inflammation in COVID-19 patients, thereby increasing the risk of mortality. Conclusion: IL-8, CRP and NLR levels were higher in non-surviving COVID-19 patients with DM comorbidity, indicating that they could serve as good predictors of poor outcomes in this patient population.
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The prothrombotic and proinflammatory properties of lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) have been hypothesized to play a role in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19; however, the prognostic impact of Lp(a) on the clinical course of COVID-19 remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate whether Lp(a) may be associated with biomarkers of thrombo-inflammation and the occurrence of thrombotic events or adverse clinical outcomes in patients hospitalized for COVID-19. We consecutively enrolled a cohort of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 and collected blood samples for Lp(a) assessment at hospital admission. A prothrombotic state was evaluated through D-dimer levels, whereas a proinflammatory state was evaluated through C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin, and white blood cell (WBC) levels. Thrombotic events were marked by the diagnosis of deep or superficial vein thrombosis (DVT or SVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), stroke, transient ischemic attack (TIA), acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and critical limb ischemia (CLI). The composite clinical end point of intensive care unit (ICU) admission/in-hospital death was used to evaluate adverse clinical outcomes. Among 564 patients (290 (51%) men, mean age of 74 ± 17 years) the median Lp(a) value at hospital admission was 13 (10-27) mg/dL. During hospitalization, 64 (11%) patients were diagnosed with at least one thrombotic event and 83 (15%) patients met the composite clinical end point. Lp(a), as either a continuous or categorical variable, was not associated with D-dimer, CRP, procalcitonin, and WBC levels (p > 0.05 for all correlation analyses). In addition, Lp(a) was not associated with a risk of thrombotic events (p > 0.05 for multi-adjusted odds ratios) nor with a risk of adverse clinical outcomes (p > 0.05 for multi-adjusted hazard ratios). In conclusion, Lp(a) does not influence biomarkers of plasma thrombotic activity and systemic inflammation nor has any impact on thrombotic events and adverse clinical outcomes in patients hospitalized for COVID-19.
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Introduction- Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19), first identified in Wuhan, China in December of 2019, has become a worldwide pandemic. It was declared by (WHO) World health organization as Public health emergency on 30th January 2020. Although respiratory compromise is the cardinal feature of the disease, early studies have suggested that elevated circulating D-dimer levels are associated with mortality, 1, 2 suggesting a distinct coagulation disorder associated with COVID-19 Materials And Methods- All patients aged ≥18 years with confirmed COVID-19 (defined as a positive SARS-CoV-2 reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction test by nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swab or sputum specimen) were included in the study. The incidence of bleeding and thrombotic events in COVID-19 patients was assessed. Pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT) were confirmed radiographically. Results of 6 routinely drawn coagulation-based laboratory parameters (PT, international normalized ratio [INR], activated partial thromboplastin time [aPTT], D-dimer, fibrinogen, and platelet count), 2 laboratory measures of inflammation (C-reactive protein [CRP], and erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR]), were evaluated and compared between patients with thrombotic complications (composite of venous thromboembolism, arterial thromboembolism, and clinically significant non-vessel thrombotic complications), patients with bleeding complications, and patients without bleeding or thrombotic complications. Result- In this study, we report the haemostatic manifestations and bleeding and thrombotic complications of 100 COVID-19 patients. In a population managed with standard doses of prophylactic anticoagulation, we found a radiographically confirmed venous thromboembolic rate of 4.8% (7.6% in critically ill patients) Conclusion- In conclusion, we observed that COVID-19 was associated with similar rates of thrombosis and bleeding as seen in hospitalized patients with similar degrees of critical illness. Elevated D-dimer levels at initial presentation predicted bleeding complications, thrombotic complications, critical illness, and death. Beyond D-dimer, thrombosis was primarily associated with inflammatory markers rather than coagulation parameters. We additionally found that elevations in D-dimer on admission predicted critical illness and death, as well as bleeding and thrombotic complications. Inflammatory markers, including CRP and ESR, were also associated with thrombosis. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research (Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research) is the property of Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)
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PurposeThis study aims to identify the dietary patterns of two groups of subjects (with and without COVID-19), and to assess the relationship of findings with the prognosis of COVID-19 and metabolic risk parameters.Design/methodology/approachThis study included 100 individuals in the age range of 19–65 years. The medical history, and data on biochemical, hematological and inflammatory indicators were retrieved from the files. A questionnaire for the 24-h food record and the food intake frequency was administered in face-to-face interviews, and dietary patterns of subjects were assessed.FindingsIn individuals with COVID-19, the hip circumference, the waist-hip ratio and the body fat percentage were significantly higher (p < 0.05), and the muscle mass percentage was significantly lower (p < 0.05). Mediterranean diet adherence screener (MEDAS), dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) and healthy eating ındex-2015 (HEI-2015) scores were low in the two groups. A linear correlation of DASH scores was found with the muscle mass percentage (p = 0.046) and a significant inverse correlation of with the body fat percentage (p = 0.006). HEI-2015 scores were significantly and negatively correlated with body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference and neck circumference (p < 0.05). Every one-unit increase in MEDAS, DASH and HEI-2015 scores caused reductions in C-reactive protein levels at different magnitudes. Troponin-I was significantly and negatively correlated with fruit intake (p = 0.044), a component of a Mediterranean diet and with HEI-2015 total scores (p = 0.032).Research limitations/implicationsThe limitation of this study includes the small sample size and the lack of dietary interventions. Another limitation is the use of the food recall method for the assessment of dietary patterns. This way assessments were performed based on participants' memory and statements.Practical implicationsFollowing a healthy diet pattern can help reduce the metabolic risks of COVÍD-19 disease.Originality/valueDespite these limitations, this study is valuable because, to the best of the authors' knowledge, it is the first study demonstrating the association of dietary patterns with disease prognosis and metabolic risks concerning COVID-19. This study suggests that dietary patterns during the COVID-19 process may be associated with several metabolic risks and inflammatory biomarkers.
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Purpose: To evaluate the role of C-reactive protein (CRP) in predicting severe COVID-19 patients. Methods: A prospective observational cohort study was conducted from July 15 to October 28, 2020, at Kuyha COVID-19 isolation and treatment center hospital, Mekelle City, Northern Ethiopia. A total of 670 blood samples were collected serially. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed by RT-PCR from nasopharyngeal swabs and CRP concentration was determined using Cobas Integra 400 Plus (Roche). Data were analyzed using STATA version 14. P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Overall, COVID-19 patients had significantly elevated CRP at baseline when compared to PCR-negative controls [median 11.1 (IQR: 2.0-127.8) mg/L vs 0.9 (IQR: 0.5-1.9) mg/L; p=0.0004)]. Those with severe COVID-19 clinical presentation had significantly higher median CRP levels compared to those with non-severe cases [166.1 (IQR: 48.6-332.5) mg/L vs 2.4 (IQR: 1.2-7.6) mg/L; p<0.00001)]. Moreover, COVID-19 patients exhibited higher median CRP levels at baseline [58 (IQR: 2.0-127.8) mg/L] that decreased significantly to 2.4 (IQR: 1.4-3.9) mg/L after 40 days after symptom onset (p<0.0001). Performance of CRP levels determined using ROC analysis distinguished severe from non-severe COVID-19 patients, with an AUC value of 0.83 (95% CI: 0.73-0.91; p=0.001; 77.4% sensitivity and 89.4% specificity). In multivariable analysis, CRP levels above 30 mg/L were significantly associated with an increased risk of developing severe COVID-19 for those who have higher ages and comorbidities (ARR 3.99, 95% CI: 1.35-11.82; p=0.013). Conclusion: CRP was found to be an independent determinant factor for severe COVID-19 patients. Therefore, CRP levels in COVID-19 patients in African settings may provide a simple, prompt, and inexpensive assessment of the severity status at baseline and monitoring of treatment outcomes.
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Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic continues to be rampant with considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide since its emergence in December 2019. Several studies have focused on identifying different predictive factors of poor prognosis, including biological markers, such as C Reactive Protein among others. The objective of our work was to determine whether the CRP levels on admission to the intensive care unit are predictive of an unfavorable evolution of patients with COVID-19 through the experience of the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit of the University Hospital of Oujda and to compare our results with those reported in the literature. Methods: We conducted a retrospective, monocentric, descriptive and analytical study in the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care of the Mohammed VI University Hospital of Oujda, Morocco, between March 2020 and October 2021, including all critically ill patients admitted to the department during this period and meeting the inclusion criteria. The baseline admission CRP value was arbitrarily set at 100mg/d, thus conditioning the division of our patients into two groups (group 1: CRP < 100mg/L, group 2: CRP ≥ 100mg/L). Results: Among our 1035 included patients, 291 patients with had a CRP<100mlg/L (group 1) and 744 presented a CRP level equal or superior to 100mg/L (group 2). Lung parenchymal involvement was more severe or even critical (CT involvement > 75%) in group 2 (60.8%) compared to group 1 (39.2%). In group 2, 79.8% of patients were mechanically ventilated, compared to 20.2% of patients in group 1. Finally, the mortality rate in patients with a CRP ≥ 100mg/l was 77.4%, compared with 22.6% for patients with a CRP < 100mg/l. These findings are all statistically highly significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: Given the high contagiousness of the virus and the emergence of several variants, the management of the COVID-19 pandemic has focused more on prevention through vaccination against the virus, but also on an early identification of patients likely to evolve unfavorably for a personalized management.
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C-Reactive Protein , COVID-19 , Humans , Pandemics , Prognosis , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Introduction: During severe inflammation of Covid-19, many inflammatory factors increase in body, and examining these factors can help to better understand the disease and predict expected risks. The present study aimed to investigate the association of CRP/Alb and the clinical outcome in patients with COVID-19. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study on 315 patients with severe COVID-19 admitted in the intensive care unit (ICU) from April 1, 2020, to November 1, 2020. we collected and analyzed the serum inflammatory markers including C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin (Alb), CRP/Alb ratio, Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and Red cell distribution width (RDW). The relationship of data was analyzed with the help of statistical analysis. Results: The results revealed higher levels of baseline ESR (P=0.007) and CRP (P=0.001), RDW (P< 0.001), and CRP/Alb (P<0.001) were significantly associated with prolonged hospitalization. Moreover, higher CRP/Alb was associated with an increase in in-hospital mortality. Conclusion: The CRP/Alb ratio and RDW can be used in routine clinical as a quick and easy measure to predict the mortality of COVID-19 patients. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results is the property of ResearchTrentz and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)
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Background: COVID19 is associated with a number of laboratory characteristics and changes with different levels of prognostic significance. We report changes in lab findings between severe and non-severe COVID-19 in patients that had molecular testing of nasopharyngeal swabs in Khartoum, Sudan Material(s) and Method(s): This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted from Jan to May 2021. It included 66 preidentified COVID19 patients who attended the isolation center at Jabra Hospital in Khartoum the capital city of Sudan. Participants were enrolled for CBC, D-dimer and C-Reactive Protein testing. Among these participants, 21(31.8%) had severe COVID19 pneumonia.. Data were analysed using SPSS version 24, and the independent sample t-test was used to compare severe and non-sever cases. Result(s): The mean values for all cases showed a mild decrease in Hb (9.53+/-1.83 g/dl), MCHC (28.3+/-2.91 g/dl);lymphocytes % (19.8 +/-6.82);increased RDW-SD (50.1+/-5.70 fL), D-dimer (4.2+/-3.73 mug/ml) and CRP (107.2+/-61.21 mg/dl). There were significant d/span>differences in the laboratory findings between severe and non-severe COVID-19 cases in total WBCs (p value = .001), lymphocyte % (p value = .000), neutrophil % (p value=.038), RDW-SD (p value = .044), D-dimer (p value = .029) and CRP (p value = .044). Conclusion(s): The laboratory findings of CBC, D-dimer and CRP provide an essential contribution to predicti COVID-19 severity and prognosis.Copyright © 2023 Mohamed EAA et al.
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Background: Prognostic markers for COVID-19 disease outcome are currently lacking. Plasma gelsolin (pGSN) is an actin-binding protein and an innate immune marker involved in disease pathogenesis and viral infections. Here, we demonstrate the utility of pGSN as a prognostic marker for COVID-19 disease outcome; a test performance that is significantly improved when combined with cytokines and antibodies compared to other conventional markers such as CRP and ferritin. Methods: Blood samples were longitudinally collected from hospitalized COVID-19 patients as well as COVID-19 negative controls and the levels of pGSN in µg/mL, cytokines and anti- SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibodies assayed. Mean ± SEM values were correlated with clinical parameters to develop a prognostic platform. Results: pGSN levels were significantly reduced in COVID-19 patients compared to healthy individuals. Additionally, pGSN levels combined with plasma IL-6, IP-10 and M-CSF significantly distinguished COVID-19 patients from healthy individuals. While pGSN and anti-spike IgG titers together strongly predict COVID-19 severity and death, the combination of pGSN and IL-6 was a significant predictor of milder disease and favorable outcomes. Conclusion: Taken together, these findings suggest that multi-parameter analysis of pGSN, cytokines and antibodies could predict COVID-19 hospitalization outcomes with greater certainty compared with conventional clinical laboratory markers such as CRP and ferritin. This research will inform and improve clinical management and health system interventions in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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COVID-19 , Gelsolin , Biomarkers , Chemokine CXCL10 , Cytokines , Ferritins , Hospitalization , Humans , Immunoglobulin G , Interleukin-6 , Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor , SARS-CoV-2 , Spike Glycoprotein, CoronavirusABSTRACT
COVID-19 often results in generalized inflammation and affects various organs and systems. Endocrine research focused on the possible sequelae of COVID-19, with special interest given to the thyroid gland. Clinical problems such as thyroid function in non-thyroidal illness (NTI), autoimmune thyroiditis, and COVID-19-related subacute thyroiditis (SAT) quickly gained wide coverage. Thyrotoxicosis of various origins leads to the release of peripheral thyroid hormones and thyroglobulin (TG), the main glycoprotein contained within the thyroid follicular lumen. In our study, we evaluated TG levels in COVID-19-positive patients and investigated the possible relationships between TG, thyroid function tests (TFTs), and inflammatory markers. Our approach included separate subanalyses of patients who received and those who did not receive glucocorticoids (GCs). In the entire population studied, the concentration of TG tended to decrease with time (p<0.001; p1,2 = 0.025, p1,3 = 0.001, p2,3 = 0.003), and this pattern was especially clear among patients treated with GCs (p<0.001; p1,2=<0.001; p1,3=<0.001; p 2,3=<0.001). The concentration of TG differed significantly between patients treated and those not treated with GC at the second and third time points of observation (p=0.033 and p=0.001, consecutively). TG concentration did not differ between the patients with normal and abnormal TFTs. The correlations between TG, TFTs, and inflammatory markers were very limited. 19 patients had elevated TG levels, but a TFT pattern suggestive of thyrotoxicosis was not common in this group. There were no statistically significant differences between patients who met and those who did not meet the predefined combined primary endpoint.
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COVID-19 , Thyroglobulin , Humans , Thyroid Function Tests , Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use , COVID-19/complications , Thyroid GlandABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate several psychiatric implications in survivors of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), while also exploring its correlation with C-reactive protein (CRP), an important non-specific acute phase reactant in infection and in the presence of psychopathologies. Methods: This study was conducted in February-June 2021 at Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital and Haji General Hospital, Medan, Indonesia. In total, 182 patients with COVID-19 admitted for hospital treatment were screened for psychiatric symptoms. Sociodemographic and clinical data, including CRP level, were screened. Anxiety and depression scores were measured using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), respectively. The same screening was repeated 4 weeks after hospital discharge. Unpaired t-test was used to assess gender differences in clinical data and psychiatric symptoms, and Pearson's correlation test was used to investigate the link between CRP level and the symptoms of anxiety and depression. Results: In terms of psychopathological symptoms, patient-reported rates of insomnia, anxiety and depression were 94%, 78% and 34%, respectively. Females had significantly higher baseline scores for both anxiety (mean ± standard deviation: 23.79 ± 5.44 vs 20.56 ± 4.90 in males) and depression (20.04 ± 5.29 vs 18.56 ± 3.90 in males) (P=0.000). Interestingly, 4 weeks after hospital discharge, female COVID-19 survivors still had higher anxiety scores than male COVID-19 survivors (8.02 ± 4.72 vs 5.20 ± 2.98, respectively) (P=0.0001). During the interview, patients reported that they were worried about experiencing COVID-19 symptoms again (89%), re-infection (56%), and not having proper first aid at home (64%). A higher CRP level was significantly correlated with higher anxiety and depression scores (baseline CRP-BAI: r=0.623; baseline CRP-BDI-II: r=0.680; follow-up CRP-BAI: r=0.632; follow-up CRP-BDI-II: r=0.621; P=0.001). Conclusion: This study found that worse inflammation fostered worse psychiatric symptoms. Therefore, psychiatric liaison is important not only for patients with COVID-19 but also for COVID-19 survivors. Early assessment of COVID-19-related psychopathology is recommended so that treatment can be tailored as early as possible.
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to determine the immue function of human leukocyte antigens and some vital indicators in Covid 19 patients. This study was conducted at Ibn Al-Khatib hospital, Baghdad. Sixty four blood sample of Covid 19 patients (32male and 32female patients), while healthy volunteers group 15 male and 15 female with age between 10 to 60. Level of IL-1b, CD4, WBC, ESR, Urea, sugar test, were measured,results showed a significant increase (P<0.01) in each measured of IL-1b, CD4, WBC, ESR, Urea, Sugar. The more infection of Covid 19 with some factors such as, smoking, chronic diseases. The measurement of the level of IL-1b, CD4 by means of the enzyme - linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and WBC, PLT, measurement method using ABX micros 60 hematology analyzer, Urea, Sugar semi-automated chemistry analyzer using Mindray BC-5000. The data was analyzed with Graph pad prism software. © 2023 Author(s).
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to determine the immune function of human leukocyte antigens and some vital indicators in Covid 19 patients. This study was conducted at Ibn Al-Khatib hospital, Baghdad. Sixty four blood sample of Covid 19 patients (32 male and 32 female patients), while healthy volunteers group 15 male and 15 female with age between 10 to 60. Level of IL-1b, CD4, WBC, ESR, Urea, sugar test, were measured results showed a significant increase (P<0.01) in each measured of IL-1b, CD4, WBC, ESR, Urea, Sugar. The more infection of Covid 19 with some factors such as, smoking, chronic diseases. The measurement of the level of IL-1b, CD4 by means of the enzyme - linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and WBC, PLT, measurement method using ABX micros 60 hematology analyzer, Urea, Sugar semi-automated chemistry analyzer using Mindray BC-5000. The data was analyzed with Graph pad prism software. © 2023 Author(s).